Baker facilitated the loan of blood samples from the Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University. (Table 1). The South American viruses include Junn disease, four other providers Meptyldinocap of hemorrhagic fever in humans (i.e., Guanarito, Machupo, Sabi, and Chapare viruses), and Amapar IL1R1 antibody disease (AMAV). == Table 1. == Natural Hosts and Geographical Distribution of the Seven North American Tacaribe Serocomplex Viruses Arenaviruses antigenically and phylogenetically related to Whitewater Arroyo disease have been isolated from Mexican woodrats (N. mexicana) captured in New Mexico, a Mexican woodrat and bushy-tailed woodrat (N. cinerea) captured in Utah, and woodrats (Neotomaspp.) captured in Oklahoma (Fulhorst et al.2001a). AZ, Arizona; CA, California; FL, Florida; NM, New Mexico; TX, Texas. Specific members of the rodent family Cricetidae (Musser and Carleton2005) are the principal hosts of the Tacaribe serocomplex viruses for which natural host relationships have been well characterized (Childs and Peters1993). For example, the hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) in southern Florida is the principal sponsor of TAMV (Calisher et al.1970, Jennings et al.1970), and the southern plains woodrat (Neotoma micropus) in Dimmitt and La Salle counties in southern Texas is the principal sponsor of CTNV (Fulhorst et al.2002b, Cajimat et al.2007a). Additional natural hosts of Tacaribe serocomplex viruses in North America include the white-throated woodrat (N. albigula) in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, bushy-tailed woodrat (N. cinerea) in Utah, Mexican woodrat (N. mexicana) in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah, southern plains woodrat in Colorado, Stephen’s woodrat (N. stephensi) in Arizona and New Mexico, Bryant’s woodrat (N. bryanti, formerlyN. lepida; Patton et al.2008), dusky-footed woodrat (N. fuscipes), large-eared woodrat (N. macrotis), brush mouse (Peromyscus boylii), California mouse (P. californicus), cactus deermouse (P. eremicus), North American deermouse (P. maniculatus), and western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis) in California, and marsh oryzomys (Oryzomys palustris) in Florida (Fulhorst et al.1996,2001a,2002a, Kosoy et al.1996, Bennett et al.2000, Calisher et al.2001, Abbott et al.2004, Cajimat et al.2007b,2008, Milazzo et al.2008). The aim of this study was to extend our knowledge of the natural sponsor range and geographical distribution of Tacaribe serocomplex viruses associated with cricetid rodents in North America. == Materials and Methods == == Rodents == Blood samples from 4893 rodents, representing at least 65 varieties in the family Cricetidae, were tested for antibodies (immunoglobulin G [IgG]) to WWAV and AMAV (Table 2). The rodents were captured from January 1995 through June 2008 for studies within the biodiversity of mammals in New Mexico, Texas, and Mexico. This survey included 163 rodents from 4 localities in Otero County, New Mexico, 2677 rodents from 44 localities in 27 counties in Texas, and 2053 rodents from 97 localities in 79 municipalities in 20 says in Mexico (Fig. 1;Appendix 1). == Table 2. == Prevalence of Antibodies to Arenaviruses in 4893 Cricetid Rodents Captured in New Mexico, Texas, or Mexico, 19952008 Quantity positive/number tested for antibody Meptyldinocap (immunoglobulin G) to arenaviruses. The figures indicate the locations of the antibody-positive counties and municipalities in the map inFigure 1. == FIG. 1. == Map showing the locations of the counties and municipalities included in this study. The open circles indicate the antibody-positive counties and municipalities. (1) Otero County, New Mexico (NM). In Texas (TX): (2) Hall County, (3) Motley County, (4) Lubbock County, (5) Dickens County, (6) Ward County, (7) Jeff Davis County, (8) Kimble County, (9) Gillespie Meptyldinocap County, (10) Matagorda County, and (11) Galveston County. In Mexico: (12) Municipality of Janos, Chihuahua; (13) Municipality of Apodaca, Nuevo Len; (14) Municipality of San Fernando, Tamaulipas; (15) Municipality of Catorce, San Luis Potos; (16) Municipality of Cedral, San Luis Potos; (17) Municipality of Doctor Arroyo, Nuevo Len; (18) Municipality of General Zaragoza, Nuevo Len; (19) Municipality of Ptzcuaro, Michoacn; (20) Municipality of Santa Clara, Michoacn; (21) Municipality of Morelia, Michoacn; (22) Municipality of Perote, Veracruz; (23) Municipality of Xico, Veracruz; (24) Municipality of Malinaltepec, Guerrero; (25) Municipality of Putla de Guerrero, Oaxaca; (26) Meptyldinocap Municipality of Ocozocoautla de Espinosa, Chiapas; (27) Municipality of Berriozbal, Chiapas; and (28) Municipality of Emiliano Zapata, Tabasco. The small filled circles show the counties and municipalities that were antibody-negative with this study. The packed squares indicate counties in which arenavirus-positive woodrats were captured in earlier studies: (A) McKinley County, NM; (B) Socorro County, NM; (C) Cimarron County, Oklahoma (OK); (D) Dimmitt and La Salle Counties, TX. Whitewater Arroyo disease (WWAV) was isolated from white-throated woodrats (Neotoma albigula) captured in McKinley County (Fulhorst et al.1996), arenaviruses antigenically and phylogenetically closely related to WWAV.